1. Which of the following statements are true?
1. Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla will be India’s third astronaut in space.
2. The Ax-4 mission includes astronauts from India, USA, Poland, and Hungary.
3. ISRO’s food experiment includes studying the sprouting of methi and moong in space.
4. The Ax-4 crew is expected to stay on the ISS for up to 21 days.

A) 2 and 3 only
B) 1, 2, and 4 only
C) 2, 3, and 4 only
D) All of the above

2. Which of the following statements are true?
1. Karnataka ranked second among larger states in the CareEdge 2025 report.
2. Goa was the top performer in Group B (North-East, Hilly & Small States).
3. Union Territories were included in the CareEdge Ratings report.
4. The 2025 report by CareEdge is not comparable to the 2023 edition due to changes in methodology.

A) 1 and 3 only
B) 2 and 4 only
C) 1, 2, and 4 only
D) All of the above

3. Which of the following statements about the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) are true?
1. EEZ extends up to 200 nautical miles and grants sovereign rights to coastal states over both the water column and seabed resources.
2. ECS can only be claimed within 200 nautical miles from the baseline.
3. ECS claims must be scientifically validated and submitted to the CLCS for approval.
4. Countries can extract oil and minerals from the ECS once the claim is accepted.

A) 1, 2, and 3
B) 1, 3, and 4
C) 2, 3, and 4
D) 1, 2, and 4

4. Which of the following statements regarding India’s 2025 continental shelf claim are correct?
1. India expanded its maritime claim in the Bay of Bengal by nearly 10,000 sq. km.
2. The new claim was submitted to the CLCS in April 2025.
3. India’s revised claim aims to avoid maritime disputes with Pakistan.
4. The claim grants India the right to extract terrestrial minerals from Pakistan’s EEZ.

A) 1, 2, and 3
B) 2, 3, and 4
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 3, and 4

5. Which of the following statements are true regarding the Extended Continental Shelf (ECS) and continental shelves?
1. ECS claims must be verified by the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf.
2. Continental shelves are deep ocean regions with high sunlight penetration.
3. ECS allows nations to claim beyond 200 nautical miles if geologically proven.
4. Continental shelves are significant due to rich biodiversity and mineral resources.

A) Only 1, 2 and 3
B) Only 1, 3 and 4
C) Only 2 and 4
D) All of the above