1. Which of the following statements are true regarding NITI Aayog and its recent developments?
1. The recent NITI Aayog meeting was held in Mumbai under the chairmanship of the President of India.
2. NITI Aayog is a statutory body established through an Act of Parliament.
3. One of the key objectives of NITI Aayog is to integrate national security into economic policy planning.
4. Regional Councils under NITI Aayog are formed to address specific regional issues and are convened by the Prime Minister.

A) Only 1 and 2
B) Only 2 and 3
C) Only 3 and 4
D) Only 1 and 4

2. Which of the following statements are true regarding the current status of Asiatic lions in Gujarat?
1. The Asiatic lion population in Gujarat has expanded from 284 in the 1990s to 891 in 2025.
2. Project Lion, initiated by the Gujarat state government, has led to translocation of lions to Kuno-Palpur.
3. Satellite lion populations have seen a 49% increase since 2020 and now include regions like Barda and Jetpur.
4. The Supreme Court has not yet addressed the issue of lion translocation outside Gujarat.

A) Only 1 and 3
B) Only 2 and 4
C) Only 1, 3, and 4
D) All statements are true

3. Which of the following statements are true about the ‘Oran’ lands in Rajasthan?
1. Orans are privately owned lands used primarily for agriculture.
2. Orans serve as habitats for the critically endangered Great Indian Bustard.
3. The 2023 Forest Policy in Rajasthan provided full legal protection to Orans as forests.
4. The Supreme Court has directed states to classify Orans as forests under the Forest Conservation Act, 1980.

A) Only 1 and 2
B) Only 2 and 3
C) Only 2 and 4
D) All of the above

4.Which of the following statements about Presidential Reference under Article 143 is/are true?
1. The Supreme Court’s opinion in a Presidential Reference is legally binding on the President.
2. Article 143(2) deals with matters related to public importance.
3. The reference is made by the President based on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers.
4. The Supreme Court is bound to answer every Presidential Reference made to it.

A) Only 1 and 3
B) Only 3
C) Only 2 and 4
D) All of the above

5. Which of the following statements are true?
1. Plastics are not used in medical settings due to infection risks.
2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa can potentially degrade plastic using an enzyme called Pap1.
3. All strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are harmless to humans.
4. Researchers found a plastic-eating enzyme by studying hospital pathogens.

A) Only 2
B) 2 and 4
C) 1, 2, and 3
D) All of the above